| Identifier: |
PCRIND_0021_0000 |
| Title: |
The Ain made by Jaṅga Bahādura Rāṇā |
| Type, original: |
bound book; original |
Content |
| Abstract: |
This is a manuscript of the Ain which was prepared by the initiative of Jaṅga Bahādura Rāṇā. The seals of Prime Minister Jaṅga Bahādura stamped at the beginning and end of each paragraphs stand as evidence that this version of the Ain was once circulated for enforcement during his reigning period. This version differs from both the 1854, the first code, and the 1870 versions of the Ain. While comparing present version of the Ain with 1870, it can be observed that these two versions are very similar excluding some minor differences. For example, paragraph numbers 18 and 19 of the guṭhi chapter of this version are combined as paragraph no. 18 in the 1870 Ain. Similarly, paragraph 175 of the present version is numbered as 174 in the 1870 Ain and paragraph number 175 of the 1870 Ain is not included in the present version. Therefore, it can be surmised that the present version of the Ain slightly predates or postdates the 1870 Ain. In this manuscript following chapters and paragraphs are available:
Chapters---paragraph numbers---image numbers
1--guṭhīko (On guṭhī)---1-38---PCRIND_0021/0003- PCRIND_0021/0038
2--jagā bihrāunyā (On cultivation of land )---1-33---PCRIND_0021/0264- PCRIND_0021/0272
3--jagā pajaniko (On granted land)---1-49, 53-73, 78-120, 50-52, 74-77---PCRIND_0021/0274- PCRIND_0021/0304
4--bālikā jhagarāko (On dispute regarding the crop)---1-7, 9-18, 8, 19-25---PCRIND_0021/0306- PCRIND_0021/0313
5--ghara banāunyāko (On building a house)---1-22---PCRIND_0021/0316- PCRIND_0021/0321
6--...---55-58---PCRIND_0021/0150- PCRIND_0021/0151
7--aṃsabaṃḍāko (On partition of property)---1-227, 253-275---PCRIND_0021/0016- PCRIND_0021/0049
8--baksa phirtā bāḍanāko (On the partition of [seized property] returned as a gift [by the government])---1-2---PCRIND_0021/0052
9—dharmaputrako (On adoption)---1-4 ---PCRIND_0021/0055
10--jhagariyā kaidī jhikāudāko ra bujhāuna lyāudā garnyā ain (Ain on summoning prisoners who were involved in a dispute and process of his abduction)---1-9---PCRIND_0021/0060- PCRIND_0021/0061
11--kāyelanāmā leṣāunyāko (On obtaining written confessions)---1-7---PCRIND_0021/0063- PCRIND_0021/0064
12--phirāda paryāpachi jhagariyāle milchau bhaṃdā garnyā ain (Ain regarding if the litigants say that we ourselves settle the dispute after lodging a complaint [in a court])---1-10---PCRIND_0021/0065- PCRIND_0021/0066
13--jmāni garnyāko (On guarantees)---1-11---PCRIND_0021/0094- PCRIND_0021/0095
14--jhagariyā pakrāuna sipāi māgna āudāko ra pyādā sipāhile jhagariyā pakri lyāudāko (On asking for soldiers to arrest a person involved in a dispute and arresting him)---1-27---PCRIND_0021/0097- PCRIND_0021/0102
15--aputālī (On property passed on in the absence of a son as heir)---1-74---PCRIND_0021/0106- PCRIND_0021/0121
16--...---27-30---PCRIND_0021/0122- PCRIND_0021/0124
17--daṇḍa sajāya gardā garnyā ain (Ain on punishments)---1-31---PCRIND_0021/0126- PCRIND_0021/0130
18--hākimakā nāumā karāunyā (On complaining against a hākima)---1-12---PCRIND_0021/0132- PCRIND_0021/0135
19--...---5-8---PCRIND_0021/0136
20--dharma bhakāunyāko ra niñā halāunyāko (On making someone take oath on dharma and on trial by ordeal)---1-8---PCRIND_0021/0138- PCRIND_0021/0139
21--jhagariyā bapatisaga dastura linyā adālata amālavālālāī garnyā ain (Ain on collecting fees from litigants by the officials of adālata or amāla)---1-5---PCRIND_0021/0141
22--kaidilāi kāmamā lāudāko ra sidhā didāko ain (Ain on employing prisoners and giving provision of rations to them)---1-10---PCRIND_0021/0143
23--birtavāra jāgīradārale āphnā jagā ṣuvāko jagarā hernā āmdāni lināko ra ṣuvā birtāko jhagarā adālatamā phiryāda garna āyāmā garnyā ain (Ain concerning when a birtāvāra or a jāgiradāra comes to a court to register a case related to a dispute regarding his jāgira land or land income)---1-14---PCRIND_0021/0144- PCRIND_0021/0145
24--...---15-25---PCRIND_0021/0328- PCRIND_0021/0329
25--...---11-19---PCRIND_0021/0330- PCRIND_0021/0331
26--...---13-36---PCRIND_0021/0332- PCRIND_0021/0333
27--...---21-26---PCRIND_0021/0334- PCRIND_0021/0335
28--pūrvabāṭa paścima sādhaka paṭhāyāmā garnyā ain (Ain on sending an inaccurate request from the east to west)---1-3---PCRIND_0021/0058
29--...---7-20---PCRIND_0021/0056- PCRIND_0021/0057
30--ghaṭibaḍhi sajāya garnyā (On punishing more or less)---1-6---PCRIND_0021/0336
31--kaidi thunuvā bhagāunyāko ra bhāgyākā kadilāī garnyā ain (On aiding and abetting the escape of prisoners and ain punishing escaped prisoners)---1-25---PCRIND_0021/0159, PCRIND_0021/0154- PCRIND_0021/0156
32--bhāgyākā kaidi dabāirāṣanyālāī garnyā ain (Ain on punishing a person who hides a escaped prisoner)---1-4---PCRIND_0021/0161
33--...---7-63---PCRIND_0021/0162- PCRIND_0021/0170
34--ṣatabāta garnyāko sarvasva gardā garnyā ain (Ain on confiscation of the property of a criminal)---1-12---PCRIND_0021/0173- PCRIND_0021/0174
35--jyāna lidāko ra muḍadā dāmala gardā garnyā ain (Ain on capital punishment, shaving and branding of a criminal)---1-8---PCRIND_0021/0176- PCRIND_0021/0177
36--adālata amāla kacaharibāṭa myāda ṭāsadā garnyā ain (Ain on posting notice of a time limit by an adālata, amāla or kacahari)---1-30---PCRIND_0021/0178- PCRIND_0021/0182
37--kuṭpiṭ gosavārā (General regulation on brawling)---1-24, 27---PCRIND_0021/0184- PCRIND_0021/0187
38--gāli garāgara (On reciprocal verbal abuse)---1-14---PCRIND_0021/0189- PCRIND_0021/0190
39--dhoti gunyū pharkāī deṣāunyāko (On showing his/her [genitals] lifting lower garment)---1-5---PCRIND_0021/0192
40--arkālāi thukanyālāi garnyā ain (Ain regulating [punishments] to the person who spits on others)---1-30---PCRIND_0021/0194- PCRIND_0021/0197
41--naraka ṣuvāunyāko (On forced feeding of human excrement)---1-87---PCRIND_0021/0200- PCRIND_0021/0216
42-- ṣursāni hālanyāko (On throwing chilli)---1-7---PCRIND_0021/0218- PCRIND_0021/0219
43--pādanyāko (On farting)---1-81---PCRIND_0021/0220- PCRIND_0021/0228
44--nātāko kuṭpiṭ (On beating between relatives)---1-22 ---PCRIND_0021/0074- PCRIND_0021/0076
45--hāta hālāhālakā jhagarāmā garnyā ain (Ain on dispute resulting into scuffle with each other)---1-45---PCRIND_0021/0079- PCRIND_0021/0085
46--kuṭpiṭ ragatapakṣa ṣuna jyū jaṣam garnyālāi sajāya garnyā ain (Ain on punishing a person who beats, draws blood or injures others)---1-18, 37-52---PCRIND_0021/0068- PCRIND_0021/0071
47--hula dhurā uṭhi kuṭpiṭ garnyālāī garnyā ain (Ain on punishing persons who have ganged up on a person and beat him up)---1-11---PCRIND_0021/0232- PCRIND_0021/0234
48--bhavitavya pari jyāna maryāmā ra ghā lāgyāmā garnyā ain (Ain on manslaughter and unintentional charge which injures)---1-18---PCRIND_0021/0238- PCRIND_0021/0241
49--jyānamārāko (On homicide)---1-118, 131-159---PCRIND_0021/0243- PCRIND_0021/0263, PCRIND_0021/0322- PCRIND_0021/0326
50--jyū sanabaṃdhako kuro polanyā polāhālāī garnyā ain (Ain on punishing a false accuser who accused somebody about homicide)---1-7---PCRIND_0021/0153
51--jyāna saṃbaṃdhiko kuro dabāunyālāī garnyā ain (Ain on punishing a person who hides a case of homicide)---1-14---PCRIND_0021/0086- PCRIND_0021/0088
52--...---8-17---PCRIND_0021/0090- PCRIND_0021/0091
53—jātakamārāko (On infanticide)---1-12---PCRIND_0021/0148- PCRIND_0021/0149
References
Khatiwoda, Rajan, Simon Cubelic, and Axel Michaels--2021--The ‘Mulukī Ain’ of 1854: Nepal’s First Legal Code--Heidelberg: Heidelberg University Publishing.
|
| Issued by and to: |
|
| Place: |
|
| Donor, king: |
|
| Type of endowment: |
|
| Region of endowment: |
|
| Purpose of endowment: |
|
| Amount of endowment: |
|
Date |
| Date: |
unspecified unspecified unspecified unspecified unspecified Thursday |
| Further details: |
|
| Converted: |
|
Script and language |
| Language, script: |
Nepali; Devanagari |
Physical appearance |
| Width, height, and unit: |
33.5; 26; cm |
| No. of folios: |
170 |
| Material, binding, and colour: |
mill-made paper; bound; light brown |
| Condition: |
broken; incomplete |
Institution |
| Institution and reg. no.: |
Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Research Unit "Documents on the History of Religion and Law of Premodern Nepal"; Walter Rindfleisch Collection |
| Source and details: |
document itself; Digitized by Heidelberg University Library on 01/09/2022 as image identifier(s) PCRIND_0021_1 to PCRIND_0021_338 in DWork |
| Running no., exposures: |
340 |
Project specific information |
| Created, modified, ID: |
7/17/26, 12:00 AM; 7/17/26, 12:00 AM; 18 |
| Notes: |
data entered/checked by: #RT##SG |
| Technical terms: |
|
