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A decree of King Jayaprakāśa Malla prohibiting certain activities in various shrines of Kathmandu (NS 872)

ID: PN_0008_0020


Edited and translated by Bal Gopal Shrestha, Ramhari Timalsina and Manik Bajracharya
Created: 2017-04-23; Last modified: 2018-10-16
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Published by Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities: Documents on the History of Religion and Law of Pre-modern Nepal, Heidelberg, Germany, 2018. Published by the courtesy of the National Archives, Kathmandu. The copyright of the facsimile remains with the Nepal Rashtriya Abhilekhalaya (National Archives, Government of Nepal). All use of the digital facsimiles requires prior written permission by the copyright holder. See Terms of Use.
The accompanying edition, translation/synopsis and/or commentary are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License CCby-SA.

Abstract

This is a decree of King Jayaprakāśa Malla forbidding activities in various shrines of the Kathmandu Valley, such as cutting down trees, killing certain wild animals, and disturbing Brahmins and visitors from outside the Valley.



Diplomatic edition

[1r]

1श्री­\

1पुस्तकषाना­मार्फत­

1नं­१०१­

[unknown seal]

[seal of Siddhiharṣa Vajrācārya]

[seal of Siddhiharṣa Vajrācārya]

[seal of Siddhiharṣa Vajrācārya]

[seal of Siddhiharṣa Vajrācārya]

[seal of Siddhiharṣa Vajrācārya]

1सकल­ताडपत्र­वमोजिम्­उल्था­गरेको­दुरुस्त­भनि­सहि­छाप­गर्ने­पं­सिद्धिहर्ष­वज्राचार्य्य­
2असन्­तछे­वाहाल­¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

1थ्वतिया­धर्म्मार्थया­साक्षि­ ।।¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

1यो­धर्मार्थको­साछि­¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯


2स्वस्ति­श्री­पशुपति­श्री­३­स्वयंभु­चैत्य­श्री­३­तलेजुमाजु­श्री­३­देवगुतले­श्री­३­वज्रयागिनी­श्री­३­चगुनारायण­श्री­३­गोकर्ण­
3स्वस्ति­।।­श्रीमत्पशुपितचरणकमलधुलिधूसरितशिरोरूहश्रीमन्मानेश्वरीष्टदेवतावरलब्धप्रसाददेदीप्यामानमानोन्न
4तश्रीरघुवंशावताररविकुलतिलकहनुमध्वजनेपालेश्र्वरमहाराजाधिराजराजराजेन्द्रसकलराजचक्राधीश्वरनि
5जेष्टदेवदेवेश्वरीकृपाकटाक्षवलितविक्रमोपार्जितवारणाकरसमुद्भुतगजेन्दपतिश्रीश्रीजयप्रकाशमल्लपरमभ
6ट्टारकदेवानां­सदा­समरविजयिनाम्­¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯


7प्रभु­थाकुरसन­ओ­श्रीश्री­राजोपाध्या­परमान­उमराओ­
8भोट­योगि­देशान्तरि­महाविद्याधर­पञ्च­सकलें­साहुति­
9मत­याङाओ­आओनलि­ञ­देशस­सुनानं­अन्याओ­याय
10मदु­सयभू­चैत्यया­गर­वालावु­गर­गोकर्ण­गर­चंगु­गर­व
11ज्रयोगिनीया­गर­।।थ्वति­देवया­स्थानया­सिमा­गर­सुनानं­
12सि­छका­खुनु­छाङांओ­कायमदु­।।सा­व्राम्हं­अतित­पनि
13स्त­दुःख­वियेमदु­ध्वर­माकर­वि­⟪सुनानं­⟫स्यायेमदु­खेल­वन
14खण्ड­गनं­मि­तयेमदु­।।थन­मृगस्थलीया­सिं­हर­सुद्दा­
15सुनानं­कायमदु­¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
16थ्वपतिस­चोक्वन­उपर­सुनानं­यातसा­पंच­महापाप­राक­
17जुलो­ग्वम्हसेनं­मानये­यात­ओम्ह­परमेश्वरया­सुदृष्टि­राज
18दंद­मोहा­३२­थ्वति­जुरो­सम्वत्­८७२­आषाढ­शुद्दि­१­संक्रा
19न्ति­वुधवार­कुन्हु­शुभम्­¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯


7प्रभु­थाकुरबाट­र­श्रीश्री­राजोपाध्या­परमान­उमराओ­
8भोट­देशान्तरि­थुलो­विद्वान्­पंचहरु­सवै­सल्हा­
9गरेर­अव­उप्रान्त­काडमाडौमा­कसैले­अन्याय­न
10गर्नु­सिंवु­चैत्यका­वनमा­वालावु­वनमा­गोकर्ण­वनमा­
11चांगु­वनमा­वज्रयागिनीका­वनमा­यति­देव
12को­रुख­र­वनमा­कसैले­दाउरा­एक­काट­⟪पनि­काट­⟫काट­
13नु­गाइ­व्राह्मण­अतितहरूलाई­दुःख­नदिनु­स्याल­वा
14दर­सर्प­कसैले­नमार्नु­चौरमा­वनमा­कहि­पनि­आ
15गो­नलाउनु­याहा­मृगस्थलिको­स्यावला­सुद्दा­कसै
16ले­नलिनु­¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
17यो­पत्रमा­लेखेका­उपर­कसैले­गर्यो­भने­पंच­महापा
18तक­लाग्छ­कसैले­मानेर­गर्यो­भने­त्यो­परमेश्र्वर
19को­सुदृष्टि­राजदंद­मोहर­३२­नेपाली­सम्वत्­८७२­आषा
20ढ­शुदि­१­संक्राति­वुधवारका­दिन­शुभम्­¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯

Synopsis

The content of this document is similar to that of a copperplate located in Pashupati Devapattana (see PN_0004_0049). The present document, though, provides a parallel translation from the Newari original (left column) into Nepali (right column). The translation of the document was attested as to its accuracy by Siddhiharṣa Vajrācārya of Asan.

This decree instructs people not to cut down trees or lop off branches in the forests of Svayambhū, Bālābu, Gokarṇa, Cāṃgu or Vajrayoginī, not to trouble cows, Brahmins or visitors, and not to kill jackals, monkeys or serpents. Furthermore, it prohibits people from setting fires on open grounds there or in surrounding forests, and from collecting even a single piece of wood. In the case of Mṛgasthalī, it directs that even fallen leaves are not to be gathered. At the end, it warns against ignoring the decree and committing one or the other of the five great sins, while the assurance is pronounced that Parameśvara (Almighty God) will look favourably upon those who obey. A royal fine of 32 moharas awaits offenders.

A major part of the present document is similar to a copperplate of King Jayaprakāśa Malla’s affixed to the front wall of the temple of Vajrayoginī and bearing the date budhabār 1 śuddi āṣāḍha saṃkrānti NS 872 (1752 CE) (see Regmi 1966: 304-5, Shrestha 2012: 394). One difference is that the copper inscription at Vajrayoginī does not contain the special order concerning Mṛgasthalī. Another similar copper inscription at Vajrayoginī, dated NS 849 (1729 CE), prohibits people from cutting down trees and carrying the wood to sell in Bhaktapur (Regmi 1966: 286).


Notes